Are Essential Oils and Fragrance Oils Safe For Pets?

Essential oils offer a range of therapeutic benefits for humans. However, their concentrated nature can pose significant risks to pets, especially cats and dogs. It's crucial to understand which oils are safe and which should be avoided entirely.
Our canine and feline companions have an incredible sense of smell, far surpassing our own. While this olfactory prowess is impressive, it also makes them highly sensitive to scents, including those from fragrances and essential oils. Let's break down the potential risks for both dogs and cats, including the various routes of exposure, the difference between fragrance and essential oils, and safe practices for using scented products. 

Fragrance vs. Essential Oils 

Before diving into the risks, it's essential to understand the difference between fragrance and essential oils: 
Fragrance oils
These are synthetically created scents, often composed of a complex blend of chemicals. They can be derived from natural or synthetic sources. 
Essential oils 
These are concentrated extracts from plants, containing the plant's essence and aroma compounds. They are considered natural products. 
Both fragrance and essential oils can pose risks to pets, but essential oils are generally considered more potent and potentially toxic due to their concentrated nature. 

Routes of Exposure to Essential Oils 

Pets can be exposed to harmful fragrances and essential oils through three primary routes: 

• Inhalation: Breathing in scented air, whether from candles, diffusers, or other scented products. 

• Skin contact: Direct contact with scented products, such as perfumes, lotions, or cleaning products. 

• Ingestion: Accidental consumption of scented products, often through grooming after exposure to scented surfaces. 

Signs of Poisoning In Cats and Dogs 

Common symptoms of essential oil toxicity in dogs and cats include 

• vomiting 
• diarrhoea 
• drooling
• skin irritation 
• breathing difficulties 
• fatigue 
• difficulty walking or stumbling  
• neurological signs like tremors or seizures.   

If you see any of these signs in your pet seek urgent veterinary advice. 

Using Essential Oils With Dogs: 

While dogs are generally less sensitive to essential oils than cats, many can still be harmful. However, not all scents are harmful.  

Safe Scents for Dogs: 

• Chamomile 
• Lavender 
• Ginger 

Toxic Scents for Dogs: 

• Tea tree 
• Citrus 
• Eucalyptus
• Wintergreen 
• Peppermint
• Pine
• Ylang Ylang 

Using Essential Oils With Cats: 

 Cats are even more sensitive to fragrances than dogs. Their bodies process scents differently, making them more vulnerable to the toxic effects of essential oils. 

 Toxic Scents for Cats: 

• Wintergreen 
• Sweet birch 
• Citrus (d-limonene) 
• Pine 
• Ylang ylang 
• Peppermint 
• Cinnamon 
• Pennyroyal 
• Clove 
• Eucalyptus 
• Tea tree (melaleuca) 
• Thyme 
• Oregano
• Lavender  

Safer Options for Cats: 

• Frankincense  
• Copaiba  
• Helichrysum  
• Chamomile (use with caution) 

When using essential oils around pets consider the following: 

• Keep essential oils and other fragranced products out of reach: the greatest danger to pets is from ingesting essential oils. 

• Proper ventilation: Ensure good air circulation when using scented products. 

• Monitor your pet's behaviour: When using any new fragranced product in the home watch for any signs of discomfort or adverse reactions. 

• If your pet shows signs of discomfort remove the pet from the room into fresh air immediately. If symptoms do not improve after a few minutes seek veterinary advice. 

• Essential Oil Diffusers: Diffusers can disperse scented particles into the air. Cats are particularly vulnerable due to their grooming habits, which can lead to ingestion. It's best to avoid using essential oil diffusers and candles in homes with pets. 

• Always consult your veterinarian before using any essential oils on your pet 

• Seek veterinary care immediately: If you suspect your pet has been exposed to essential oils, contact your veterinarian or a pet poison control hotline right away. 

 

By understanding the potential risks of essential oils and taking precautions, you can create a safe and enjoyable environment for both you and your four- legged family members.